Gene TIMP1
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Also known as
Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 1, CLGI, EPA, EPO, HCI, TIMPOverview
TIMP1 (Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases 1) encodes a glycoprotein that inhibits the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that degrade components of the extracellular matrix. TIMP1 forms irreversible complexes with active MMPs, thereby regulating ECM turnover, tissue remodeling, and cell migration. The balance between MMPs and TIMPs is critical for maintaining tissue homeostasis, and disruption of this balance contributes to various pathological conditions. TIMP1 also exhibits MMP-independent biological activities, including effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis.Located on the X chromosome, TIMP1 plays important roles in wound healing, inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer. Elevated TIMP1 expression has been associated with poor prognosis in various cancers, where it may promote tumor growth and metastasis despite its MMP-inhibitory function. In skin biology, TIMP1 is crucial for regulating collagen degradation and remodeling during wound healing and aging. Genetic variants and expression levels of TIMP1 have been linked to skin aging phenotypes, photoaging susceptibility, and wound healing capacity. Dysregulated TIMP1 activity contributes to excessive scarring, keloid formation, and age-related changes in skin structure. Understanding individual TIMP1 genetics may inform personalized skincare strategies, particularly regarding anti-aging treatments and scar management.