Gene MC1R
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Also known as
MSH-R, SHEP2, melanocortin 1 receptorOverview
MC1R (Melanocortin 1 Receptor) encodes a receptor expressed on melanocytes that controls the type of melanin produced in skin and hair. When activated, MC1R promotes production of eumelanin (brown/black pigment) over pheomelanin (red/yellow pigment), influencing skin color, hair color, and UV response.Variants in MC1R are strongly associated with red hair, fair skin, freckling, and poor tanning ability. More importantly, reduced MC1R function is associated with significantly increased risk of melanoma and other skin cancers, even independent of skin color. This is because pheomelanin provides less UV protection and may generate oxidative stress.
Understanding your MC1R genetic status is crucial for personalized sun protection recommendations. Individuals with MC1R variants benefit from rigorous UV protection, regular skin examinations, and awareness of their elevated skin cancer risk. This genetic information can guide decisions about sun exposure and skin monitoring.