Gene BCMO1

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Also known as

BCO1, BCDO, BCDO1

Overview

BCMO1 (Beta-Carotene Oxygenase 1) encodes the primary enzyme responsible for converting beta-carotene and other provitamin A carotenoids into retinal (vitamin A). This enzyme, also known as BCO1, is expressed in the intestine and liver and is essential for dietary vitamin A production from plant-based carotenoid sources.

Common genetic variants in BCMO1 can significantly reduce enzyme activity, affecting the efficiency of beta-carotene conversion to vitamin A. Individuals with reduced BCMO1 activity may be "poor converters" who rely more heavily on preformed vitamin A (retinol) from animal sources. This has important implications for vegetarians and vegans who depend on plant carotenoids for vitamin A.

Understanding your BCMO1 genetic status helps optimize vitamin A nutrition. Poor converters may benefit from increased intake of preformed vitamin A sources or higher amounts of beta-carotene. The gene is also relevant for skin health, as vitamin A plays important roles in skin cell turnover and pigmentation.

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