Gene AR
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Also known as
DHTR, NR3C4, SBMA, SMAX1, TFMOverview
AR (Androgen Receptor) encodes the androgen receptor, a nuclear hormone receptor that mediates the biological effects of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The AR is essential for male sexual development, maintenance of secondary sex characteristics, and various metabolic processes in both males and females.The AR gene contains a polymorphic CAG repeat in exon 1 that affects receptor activity. Shorter CAG repeats are associated with increased receptor sensitivity, while longer repeats reduce sensitivity. This variation has been linked to conditions including androgenetic alopecia (male pattern baldness), prostate cancer risk, polycystic ovary syndrome in women, and variations in muscle mass and athletic performance.
In the skin, AR activation drives sebaceous gland activity and hair follicle behavior, making AR variants relevant for understanding acne susceptibility, skin oiliness, and hair growth patterns. Understanding your AR genetic status can provide insights into hormone-related skin and hair characteristics.