Also known as
Folate hydrolase 1, PSMA, GCP2, Glutamate carboxypeptidase II, Prostate-specific membrane antigen
Overview
FOLH1 (Folate Hydrolase 1), also known as prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), is a gene that encodes a type II transmembrane glycoprotein with both folate hydrolase and neuropeptidase activities. In the intestine, FOLH1 functions to hydrolyze pteroylpolyglutamates (dietary folate forms) into pteroylmonoglutamates that can be absorbed. This makes it important for folate metabolism and one-carbon metabolism pathways essential for DNA synthesis, methylation, and cellular function. In the nervous system, FOLH1 acts as a neuropeptidase involved in neurotransmitter processing. The protein is highly expressed in prostate tissue and significantly overexpressed in prostate cancer, making it a valuable biomarker and therapeutic target for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment. Variants in FOLH1 may affect folate absorption efficiency, methylation capacity, and potentially influence neurological function and cancer risk.
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