Schisandra - NutraPedia

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Schisandra Overview

1. Studied Conditions

Schisandra has been studied for a variety of conditions, including but not limited to:

  • Improving liver function
  • Fatigue and endurance
  • Stress adaptation (as an adaptogen)
  • Neuroprotection
  • Respiratory conditions
  • Sexual dysfunction
  • Increasing mental performance

2. Efficacy in Treating Conditions

The effectiveness of Schisandra in treating these conditions varies:

  • Some studies suggest Schisandra may improve liver function and gastrointestinal issues.
  • Its adaptogenic properties may help the body resist the effects of stress and improve physical endurance, although evidence is mixed and more research is needed.
  • There is limited clinical evidence to support its use for respiratory conditions, sexual dysfunction, and mental performance.

3. Health Benefits

Schisandra is said to offer several health benefits:

  • Antioxidant properties that may protect cells from damage
  • Anti-inflammatory effects
  • Potential to improve liver function and promote liver health
  • May enhance the body's resistance to stress and disease
  • Possibly boosts energy levels and physical performance

4. Potential Downsides

While Schisandra is generally considered safe for most people, it does have potential downsides:

  • May cause gastrointestinal upset, heartburn, and decreased appetite.
  • Could lead to allergic reactions in some individuals.
  • May interact with certain medications such as warfarin and other blood thinners.
  • Not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women due to insufficient safety data.

5. Genetic Variations and Schisandra

Regarding genetic variations:

  • There is limited research on how Schisandra affects different genetic variations.
  • Individual responses to Schisandra can vary based on genetic makeup, but specific interactions are not well-documented.
  • As with any supplement, it's important to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice.

Effects of Schisandra and Its Compounds on Health

Anti-inflammatory Properties

Studies have shown that gomisins A, G, and J from Schisandria chinensis have anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages, inhibiting production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the NF-κB pathway, particularly through HO-1 signaling.

Cardioprotective Responses

Schisandra chinensis compounds, especially schisandrin B (Sch B) and schisandrin C (Sch C), can trigger cardioprotective responses through reactive oxidant species (ROS) production, inducing a glutathione antioxidant response.

Reversing Multidrug Resistance

Schisandrol A (SCH) from Schisandra chinensis has been found to reverse multidrug resistance in cancer cells by interfering with P-glycoprotein and drug complexes, suggesting a potential mechanism for enhancing chemotherapy effectiveness.

Immunostimulatory Effects

A water-soluble polysaccharide, SCP-IIa, from Schisandra chinensis has shown potential as an immunostimulant, enhancing thymus and spleen size, and increasing the activity of peritoneal macrophages.

Nortriterpenoid Compounds

New nortriterpenoid compounds, wuweizidilactones A-F, have been discovered in Schisandra chinensis, contributing to the understanding of the plant's chemical diversity and potential biological activities.

Liver Health

Traditional Chinese medicine formulations containing Schisandra chinensis, such as Shengmai San (SMS), have been shown to reduce liver cholesterol and triglyceride levels and enhance antioxidant systems in cholesterol-fed rats.

Neuroprotective and Anticancer Potential

Compounds like deoxyschisandrin and α-iso-cubebenol from Schisandra chinensis have demonstrated neuroprotective properties and anticancer potential by inducing apoptosis in liver cancer cells independent of the p53 pathway.

Sedative and Hypnotic Effects

The ethanol extract of Schisandra chinensis fruit has been found to have sedative and hypnotic properties, suggesting its traditional use for treating insomnia may have scientific support.

Conclusion

Schisandra chinensis and its compounds exhibit a range of beneficial effects including anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, immune-boosting, anticancer, neuroprotective, and sedative properties, making it a valuable subject for further therapeutic research.

References:


  1. Anti-inflammatory effect of heme oxygenase-1 toward Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide in macrophages exposed to gomisins A, G, and J
  2. Schisandrin B-induced glutathione antioxidant response and cardioprotection are mediated by reactive oxidant species production in rat hearts
  3. Schisandrol A from Schisandra chinensis reverses P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance by affecting Pgp-substrate complexes
  4. Identification and characterization of potent CYP3A4 inhibitors in Schisandra fruit extract
  5. An immunostimulatory polysaccharide (SCP-IIa) from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill
  6. Wuweizidilactones A-F: novel highly oxygenated nortriterpenoids with unusual skeletons isolated from Schisandra chinensis
  7. Shengmai San reduces hepatic lipids and lipid peroxidation in rats fed on a high-cholesterol diet
  8. Deoxyschizandrin isolated from the fruits of Schisandra chinensis ameliorates Aβ₁₋₄₂-induced memory impairment in mice
  9. The α-iso-cubebenol compound isolated from Schisandra chinensis induces p53-independent pathway-mediated apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
  10. Evaluation on the combined effect of Sesamin and Schisandra extract on blood fluidity
  11. Effect of a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, Ren-Shen-Yang-Rong-Tang (Japanese name: Ninjin-Youei-To), on oligodendrocyte precursor cells from aged-rat brain
  12. Aspects of schizandrin metabolism in vitro and in vivo
  13. Effect of Ninjin-yoei-to (Rensheng-Yangrong-Tang) on olfactory behavior after olfactory nerve transection
  14. Improvement of liver function in humans using a mixture of schisandra fruit extract and sesamin
  15. Sedative and hypnotic activities of the ethanol fraction from Fructus Schisandrae in mice and rats
  16. Effects of Hochu-ekki-to and Ninjin-youei-to, traditional Japanese medicines, on porcine serum-induced liver fibrosis in rats
  17. Prevention of scopolamine-induced memory deficits by schisandrin B, an antioxidant lignan from Schisandra chinensis in mice
  18. [Effects of fructus schisandrae on the function of the pituitary-testis axis and carbohydrate metabolism in rats undergoing experimental navigation and high-intensity exercise]
  19. Effect of a lignan-enriched extract of Schisandra chinensis on aflatoxin B1 and cadmium chloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
  20. Energy metabolism, altered proteins, sirtuins and ageing: converging mechanisms?
  21. Schisandrin B enhances cerebral mitochondrial antioxidant status and structural integrity, and protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats
  22. Impact of Chisan (ADAPT-232) on the quality-of-life and its efficacy as an adjuvant in the treatment of acute non-specific pneumonia
  23. Bilberry extract protect restraint stress-induced liver damage through attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction
  24. SXR, a novel steroid and xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptor
  25. Comprehensive chemical analysis of Schisandra chinensis by HPLC-DAD-MS combined with chemometrics
  26. Effects of Schisandra chinensis extract on the contractility of corpus cavernosal smooth muscle (CSM) and Ca2+ homeostasis in CSM cells
  27. Gomisin A alters substrate interaction and reverses P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in HepG2-DR cells
  28. Different role of Schisandrin B on mercury-induced renal damage in vivo and in vitro
  29. [Effects of schisandra on the function of the pituitary-adrenal cortex, gonadal axis and carbohydrate metabolism in rats undergoing experimental chronic psychological stress, navigation and strenuous exercise]
  30. [Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of Schisandra chinensis extract in mice]
  31. Transport of Schisandra chinensis extract and its biologically-active constituents across Caco-2 cell monolayers - an in-vitro model of intestinal transport
  32. Cytochrome P450-catalysed reactive oxygen species production mediates the (-)schisandrin B-induced glutathione and heat shock responses in AML12 hepatocytes
  33. Chronic schisandrin B treatment improves mitochondrial antioxidant status and tissue heat shock protein production in various tissues of young adult and middle-aged rats
  34. Platelet-activating factor antagonistic activity and(13)C NMR assignment of pregomisin and chamigrenal fromSchisandra chinensis
  35. Methylenedioxy group and cyclooctadiene ring as structural determinants of schisandrin in protecting against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats
  36. Schisandrin B suppresses TGFβ1 signaling by inhibiting Smad2/3 and MAPK pathways
  37. Gomisin A induces Ca2+-dependent activation of eNOS in human coronary artery endothelial cells
  38. Schisandrin B stereoisomers protect against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis and inhibit associated changes in Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition and mitochondrial membrane potential in H9c2 cardiomyocytes
  39. Antiangiogenic activity and pharmacogenomics of medicinal plants from traditional korean medicine
  40. Pharmacology of Schisandra chinensis Bail.: an overview of Russian research and uses in medicine
  41. The protective effect of Schisandra lignans on stress-evoked hepatic metastases of P815 tumor cells in restraint mice
  42. Identification of a novel compound that stimulates intracellular calcium increase and CXCL8 production in human neutrophils from Schisandra chinensis
  43. PPM1A functions as a Smad phosphatase to terminate TGFbeta signaling
  44. Schisandrin B from Schisandra chinensis reduces hepatic lipid contents in hypercholesterolaemic mice
  45. Effect of Schisandra chinensis extract and Ginkgo biloba extract on the pharmacokinetics of talinolol in healthy volunteers
  46. [Correlation of lignans content and antioxidant activities of Schisandra chinensis fruits by using stoichiometry method]
  47. Gomisin J from Schisandra chinensis induces vascular relaxation via activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase
  48. Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis improve glucose uptake in vitro
  49. The effect of a traditional Chinese prescription for a case of lung carcinoma
  50. Schisandra chinensis fruit extract attenuates albuminuria and protects podocyte integrity in a mouse model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy
  51. Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang supplemented with Schisandra chinensis Baill. and Polygonatum odoratum Druce improved glucose tolerance by potentiating insulinotropic actions in islets in 90% pancreatectomized diabetic rats
  52. Melatonin in Chinese medicinal herbs
  53. Protective effects of sesamin against liver damage caused by alcohol or carbon tetrachloride in rodents
  54. Protective effects of sesamin against liver damage caused by alcohol or carbon tetrachloride in rodents
  55. Adaptogens stimulate neuropeptide y and hsp72 expression and release in neuroglia cells
  56. Schisandrin B protects myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury partly by inducing Hsp25 and Hsp70 expression in rats
  57. Rapid determination and pharmacokinetics study of lignans in rat plasma after oral administration of Schisandra chinensis extract and pure deoxyschisandrin
  58. Long-term schisandrin B treatment mitigates age-related impairments in mitochondrial antioxidant status and functional ability in various tissues, and improves the survival of aging C57BL/6J mice
  59. Dibenzocyclooctadiene lingnans: a class of novel inhibitors of P-glycoprotein
  60. The influence of adaptogens on ultraweak biophoton emission: a pilot-experiment
  61. Schizandrin C exerts anti-neuroinflammatory effects by upregulating phase II detoxifying/antioxidant enzymes in microglia
  62. Effects of Schisandra lignans on P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux in human intestinal Caco-2
  63. A novel experimental model of acute hypertriglyceridemia induced by schisandrin B
  64. Schisandrin B exerts anti-neuroinflammatory activity by inhibiting the Toll-like receptor 4-dependent MyD88/IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia
  65. Pharmacokinetic comparisons of schizandrin after oral administration of schizandrin monomer, Fructus Schisandrae aqueous extract and Sheng-Mai-San to rats
  66. Determination of deoxyschizandrin in rat plasma by LC-MS
  67. [Studies on Fructus schizandrae. I. Its effect on increased SGPT levels in animals caused by hepatotoxic chemical agents]
  68. [Determination of three organic acids in Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus by HPLC]
  69. [Determination of gomisin A (TJN-101) and its metabolite in rat serum by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry]
  70. Panax ginseng, Rhodiola rosea and Schisandra chinensis
  71. Time-dependent enhancement in mitochondrial glutathione status and ATP generation capacity by schisandrin B treatment decreases the susceptibility of rat hearts to ischemia-reperfusion injury
  72. Aqueous extract of Schizandra chinensis fruit causes endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxation of isolated rat thoracic aorta
  73. Inhibitory effects of schisandrin A and schisandrin B on CYP3A activity
  74. The mechanism of vasorelaxation induced by Schisandra chinensis extract in rat thoracic aorta
  75. Does a kampo medicine containing schisandra fruit affect pharmacokinetics of nifedipine like grapefruit juice?
  76. Enhancement of oral bioavailability of paclitaxel after oral administration of Schisandrol B in rats
  77. Effects of heavy physical exercise and adaptogens on nitric oxide content in human saliva
  78. Promotion effect of Schisandra nigra on the growth of hair
  79. Extracts from Schizandra chinensis fruit activate estrogen receptors: a possible clue to its effects on nitric oxide-mediated vasorelaxation
  80. Schisandrin B modulates the ischemia-reperfusion induced changes in non-enzymatic antioxidant levels in isolated-perfused rat hearts
  81. Inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 activity by schisandrol A and gomisin A isolated from Fructus Schisandrae chinensis
  82. Oral Administration of Ren-Shen-Yang-Rong-Tang 'Ninjin'yoeito' Protects Against Hematotoxicity and Induces Immature Erythroid Progenitor Cells in 5-Fluorouracil-induced Anemia
  83. Neutrophil receptors for interleukin-8 and related CXC chemokines
  84. Pharmacological studies on the anxiolytic effect of standardized Schisandra lignans extract on restraint-stressed mice
  85. Structural characterization of schintrilactone, a new class of nortriterpenoids from Schisandra chinensis
  86. Ninjin-yoei-to (Ren-Shen-Yang-Rong-Tang) and Polygalae radix improves scopolamine-induced impairment of passive avoidance response in mice
  87. Methylenedioxy group as determinant of schisandrin in enhancing hepatic mitochondrial glutathione in carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated mice
  88. The lignan-rich fractions of Fructus Schisandrae improve insulin sensitivity via the PPAR-γ pathways in in vitro and in vivo studies
  89. Adaptogens exert a stress-protective effect by modulation of expression of molecular chaperones
  90. Schisandrin B Enhances Renal Mitochondrial Antioxidant Status, Functional and Structural Integrity, and Protects against Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats
  91. Gomisin A from Schisandra chinensis induces endothelium-dependent and direct relaxation in rat thoracic aorta
  92. Cytochrome P-450-catalyzed reactive oxygen species production mediates the (-)schisandrin B-induced glutathione and heat shock responses in H9c2 cardiomyocytes
  93. Clinical and pharmacological studies on liver diseases treated with Kampo herbal medicine
  94. In vitro cultures of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (Chinese magnolia vine)--a potential biotechnological rich source of therapeutically important phenolic acids
  95. Traditional Chinese medicines Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra chinensis Baill) and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch) activate pregnane X receptor and increase warfarin clearance in rats
  96. Determination of schizandrin in human plasma by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
  97. Study on the plasma protein binding rate of Schisandra lignans based on the LC-IT-TOF/MS technique with relative quantitative analysis
  98. Mitochondrial decay in ageing: 'Qi-invigorating' schisandrin B as a hormetic agent for mitigating age-related diseases
  99. Correlation between Antistress and Hepatoprotective Effects of Schisandra Lignans Was Related with Its Antioxidative Actions in Liver Cells
  100. Schisandrin B protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by enhancing myocardial glutathione antioxidant status
  101. Humanized xenobiotic response in mice expressing nuclear receptor SXR
  102. Granulocyte chemotactic protein-2 and related CXC chemokines: from gene regulation to receptor usage
  103. Simultaneous determination of eleven characteristic lignans in Schisandra chinensis by high-performance liquid chromatography
  104. Schisandrin B as a hormetic agent for preventing age-related neurodegenerative diseases
  105. Schisandrin B protects against carbon tetrachloride toxicity by enhancing the mitochondrial glutathione redox status in mouse liver
  106. Isolation and characterization of biogenetically related highly oxygenated nortriterpenoids from Schisandra chinensis
  107. Therapeutic effect of a traditional Chinese medicine, ren-shen-yang-rong-tang (Japanese name: Ninjin'yoeito) on nitric oxide-mediated lung injury in a mouse infected with murine cytomegalovirus
  108. Induction of human CYP2C9 by rifampicin, hyperforin, and phenobarbital is mediated by the pregnane X receptor
  109. Protective effect of schisandrin B against cyclosporine A-induced nephrotoxicity in vitro and in vivo
  110. Proteinuria in diabetes: bystander or pathway to cardiorenal disease?
  111. Schizandrin reverses memory impairment in rats
  112. Induction of the phase II detoxification enzyme NQO1 in hepatocarcinoma cells by lignans from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis through nuclear accumulation of Nrf2
  113. α-Iso-cubebene, a natural compound isolated from Schisandra chinensis fruit, has therapeutic benefit against polymicrobial sepsis
  114. Reversal of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance of cancer cells by five schizandrins isolated from the Chinese herb Fructus Schizandrae
  115. [Studies on the metabolic fate of gomisin A (TJN-101). I. Absorption in rats]
  116. Biochemistry and molecular biology of the human CYP2C subfamily
  117. Analysis of Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra sphenanthera
  118. Enhanced oral bioavailability of Wurenchun (Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis extracts) by self-emulsifying drug delivery systems
  119. (-)Schisandrin B is more potent than its enantiomer in enhancing cellular glutathione and heat shock protein production as well as protecting against oxidant injury in H9c2 cardiomyocytes
  120. Effects of Schisandra chinensis Baillon (Schizandraceae) on lipopolysaccharide induced lung inflammation in mice
  121. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised study of single dose effects of ADAPT-232 on cognitive functions
  122. [Intestinal absorption of the effective components of Schisandra chinensis Baill by rats single-pass perfusion in situ]


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